Preview

Shagi / Steps

Advanced search

Substandard linguistic items in Russian canned jokes

https://doi.org/10.22394/2412-9410-2025-11-1-316-329

Abstract

This article analyzes Russian canned jokes with substandard linguistic items. Two types of such jokes are distinguished: (1) jokes where obscene words serve the point and (2) jokes where obscene words increase the humorous effect. The article gives an account of the role that substandard items play in creating the «linguistic masks» of certain joke characters, which correlate with their «behavior masks». It discusses various types of such texts: jokes about foreigners, ethnic jokes, jokes about Armenian radio, political jokes, jokes about family life, etc. Substandard lexical units, that is, obscene or vulgar words, may be found in all of the above-mentioned jokes. The article describes the role of substandard language in creating «linguistic masks» of joke characters and the correlation of these linguistic masks with their «behavior masks». In particular, it mentions the linguistic masks and behavior masks of Chapaev, Vovochka, and Lieutenant Rzhevsky. Each of these characters has their own linguistic and behavior masks. In particular, Chapaev is an uneducated communist military commander of the Russian Civil war era who uses obscene words only when he is severely irritated; Vovochka is a schoolboy who reminds «dirty Johnny» of American jokes; Lieutenant Rzhevsky combines the characteristics of a nobleman and a rude soldier.

About the Authors

E. Ia. Shmeleva
V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute
Russian Federation

Elena Iakovlevna Shmeleva, Cand. Sci. (Philology) Leading Researcher, Deputy Director

110019, Moscow, Volkhonka Str., 18/2

Tel.: +7 (495) 695-26-60



A. D. Shmelev
V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute
Russian Federation

Alexei Dmitrievich Shmelev, Dr. Sci. (Philology) Main Researcher, Head of Department of Russian Linguistic Standards

110019, Moscow, Volkhonka Str., 18/2



References

1. Attardo, S. (1994). Linguistic theories of humor. Mouton de Gruyter.

2. Issers, O. S., & Kuz’mina, N. A. (2000). Anekdot i kognitivnye operatsii refreimirovaniia: lingvodidakticheskii aspekt [Canned jokes and cognitive operations of reframing: didactic aspect]. In B. I. Osipov (Ed.). Miscellanea”: Pamiati Aleksandra Borisovicha Mordvinova, (pp. 143–154). Izd-vo OmGU. (In Russian).

3. Lurie, M. L. (Intro., & Publ.) (1998). Stikhotvornye “obmanki” [Poetic ‘cheat rhymes’]. In A. F. Belousov (Ed.). Russkii shkol’nyi fol’klor: Ot “vyzyvanii” Pikovoi damy do semeinykh rasskazov (pp. 530–544). Ladomir; OOO “Izdatel’stvo AST-LTD”. (In Russian).

4. Sannikov, V. Z. (1999): Russkii iazyk v zerkale iazykovoi igry [Russian language as reflected in language play]. Iazyki russkoi kul’tury. (In Russian).

5. Shmeleva, E. Ia. (2003): “Novyi russkii” kak fol’klornyi personazh [New Russians as jokelore characters]. In L. P. Krysin (Ed.). Russkii iazyk segodnia (Vol. 2, pp. 565–575). Azbukovnik. (In Russian).

6. Shmeleva, E. Ia., & Shmelev, A. D. (2002): Russkii anekdot: Tekst i rechevoi zhanr [Russian joke: Text and speech genre]. Iazyki slavianskoi kul’tury. (In Russian).

7. Shmeleva, E. Ia., & Shmelev, A. D. (2009): Variativnost’, prodolzhenie i seriinost’ anekdotov: problemy postroeniia bazy dannykh [Variation, continuation, and seriality of jokes: problems of database construction]. In A. A. Kibrik et al. (Eds.). Komp’iuternaia lingvistika i intellektual’nye tekhnologii: Po materialam ezhegodnoi Mezhdunarodoi konferentsii “Dialog 2009” (Bekasovo, 27–31 maia 2009 g.) = Computational Linguistics and Intellectual Technologies: Papers from the Annual International Conference “Dialogue 2009” (Vol. 8 (15), pp. 548–553). RGGU. (In Russian).


Review

For citations:


Shmeleva E.I., Shmelev A.D. Substandard linguistic items in Russian canned jokes. Shagi / Steps. 2025;11(1):316-329. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.22394/2412-9410-2025-11-1-316-329

Views: 53


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2412-9410 (Print)
ISSN 2782-1765 (Online)