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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">steps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Шаги/Steps</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Shagi / Steps</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2412-9410</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1765</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2412-9410-2022-8-3-137-167</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">steps-91</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЯЗЫК ВЛАСТИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LANGUAGE OF POWER</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Православный Свято-Тихоновский гуманитарный университет</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tyrannical power of the bishop and social space: The case of Mérida in the late 6th century</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9224-7585</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Биркин</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Birkin</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Юрьевич Биркин - научный сотрудник, Лаборатория исследований церковных институций.</p><p>127051, Москва, Лихов пер., д. 6, стр. 1, Тел.: +7 (495) 114-50-88</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail Yu. Birkin - Research Fellow, Ecclesiastical Institutions Research Laboratory.</p><p>127051, Moscow, Likhov Pereulok, 6, Bld. 1, Tel.: +7 (495) 114-50-88</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mbirkin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Православный Свято-Тихоновский гуманитарный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University for the Humanities</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>137</fpage><lpage>167</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Биркин М.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Биркин М.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Birkin M.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://steps.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/91">https://steps.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/91</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются фигуры дурного епископа и тирана в «Житиях отцов Меридских». Показана взаимосвязь фигур короля и епископа, с одной стороны, и тирана и плохого епископа, с другой. «Тираническая» риторика указывает на связь дурного епископа с демоническими силами, его принципиальную чуждость христианскому сообществу как члена corpus Antichristi, в силу чего он разрушает вверенное ему сообщество (ciuitas), которое потому страдает от общественных беспорядков, голода и мора. В свою очередь, ciuitas понимается как сакрализированное социальное пространство, организованное в соответствии с идеальным божественным порядком. Поэтому любое действие по ее профанации являлось актом тирании. Истинный епископ задавал единство всех элементов христианской общины, согласие и благополучие в которой зависели от поддержания порядка сакрального. Ключевыми составляющими таким образом понятого ciuitas были храмы и реликвии, связь которых обеспечивал епископ. Попытки захвата этих объектов и нападки на главу общины предстают в «Житиях отцов Меридских» как главные тиранические действия именно потому, что они нарушали функционирование сакрального пространства ciuitas.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article focuses on the figure of an evil bishop in the “Lives of the Fathers of Merida” in the context of the image of a tyrant. The figures of the king and the bishop, on the one hand, and the tyrant and the bad bishop, on the other, are shown to be interconnected. The rhetoric associated with the image of a tyrant reflects the connection of the bad bishop to demonic forces, his fundamental alienness from the Christian community through being a member of corpus Antichristi. This results in his destroying the community (ciuitas) entrusted to him: it becomes subject to disturbances, famine, and disease. Ciuitas is understood as a sacralized social space, organized in accordance with the ideal divine order: Therefore, any action that profaned it was an act of tyranny. In turn, the true bishop set the unity of all elements of the Christian community, whose harmony and well-being depended on maintaining the order of the sacred. The key constituents of the ciuitas thus understood were churches and relics, the integration of which was ensured by the bishop. In the “Lives of the Fathers of Merida” attempts to seize these objects and attacks against the head of the community are depicted as the main tyrannical activities precisely because they disturb the functioning of the sacred space of the ciuitas.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>епископ</kwd><kwd>тиран</kwd><kwd>сакральное</kwd><kwd>риторическая традиция</kwd><kwd>Леовигильд</kwd><kwd>Масона</kwd><kwd>Толедское королевство вестготов</kwd><kwd>поздняя античность</kwd><kwd>раннее Средневековье</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bishop</kwd><kwd>tyrant</kwd><kwd>the sacred</kwd><kwd>rhetorical tradition</kwd><kwd>Liuvigild</kwd><kwd>Masona</kwd><kwd>Visigothic Kingdom of Toledo</kwd><kwd>Late Antiquity</kwd><kwd>Early Middle Ages</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках проекта «Парадигма христианского священства и ее трансформации в истории и современности» Лаборатории исследований церковных институций ПСТГУ при поддержке Фонда развития ПСТГУ</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared in the framework of the project “Paradigm of the Christian priesthood and its transformation in history and modernity” of the Ecclesiastical Institutions Research Laboratory of St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University for the Humanities with the support of the PSTGU Development Foundation</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ауров 2010а — Ауров О. 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