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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">steps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Шаги/Steps</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Shagi / Steps</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2412-9410</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1765</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2412-9410-2024-10-2-128-139</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">steps-162</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНТИЧНЫЙ МИР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD OF CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Κυρία ἐκκλησία в «Ахарнянах» Аристофана</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Κυρία ἐκκλησία in Aristophanes’ The Acharnians</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1197-7493</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Анатольевич Макаров, кандидат исторических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>отдел сравнительного изучения древних цивилизаций; отдел античной литературы</p><p>119334;  Ленинский пр-т, д. 32а; 121069; ул. Поварская, д. 25а; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor A. Makarov, Cand. Sci. (History), Senior Researcher</p><p>Department of Comparative Studies of Ancient Civilizations; Department of Classical Literature</p><p>119334; Leninsky Prospekt, 32a; 121069; Povarskaya Str., 25a, Bld. 1; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ig.a.makarov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт всеобщей истории РАН; Институт мировой литературы им. А. М. Горького РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences;  A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature, Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>128</fpage><lpage>139</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макаров И.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макаров И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makarov I.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://steps.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/162">https://steps.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/162</self-uri><abstract><p>   Статья посвящена сравнительному анализу термина κυρία ἐκκλησία в комедии Аристофана «Ахарняне» (ст. 19), аристотелевской «Афинской политии» (гл. 43) и афинских эпиграфических памятниках классического времени. Автор приводит аргументы в пользу достоверности античной традиции, представленной в схолиях к «Ахарнянам» (Schol. Acharn. 19). Согласно полученным выводам, содержание термина κυρία ἐκκλησία у Аристофана не совпадает с его содержанием в «Афинской политии»: представленная Аристотелем система четырех собраний с одним «главным собранием» в пританию появилась в Афинах не ранее 340-х годов до н. э. Ей предшествовала другая модель, получившая отражение в схолиях к «Ахарнянам» (Schol. Acharn. 19). Такое заключение подтверждается текстами ораторов. В частности, Эсхин (2.72, 343 г. до н. э.) различает два типа собраний: τεταγμέναι ἐκ τῶν νόμων и σύγκλητοι, а Демосфен (24.21, 354/353 или 353/352 г. до н. э.) цитирует афинский закон, в котором говорится о трех заседаниях в течение притании. До введения новой системы термин κυρία ἐκκλησία в Афинах служил обозначением регулярных собраний. Именно в этом смысле он употребляется в «Ахарнянах».</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   The article deals with the problem of interpreting the term κυρία ἔκκκλησία in a passage in Aristophanes’ The Acharnians (v. 19) in comparison with the evidence of the Aristotelian Athenaion politeia (ch. 43) and Athenian epigraphic sources of the classical period. The author presents arguments for the reliability of the ancient tradition reflected in the scholia to The Acharnians (Schol. Acharn. 19). He criticizes the opinion according to which the terminological use of the expression κυρία ἐκκλησία in Athens during Aristophanes’ time cannot be proved. Against it stands the evidence of the Athenian decree IG I3 49 (440–432 BC), where the prytanes are ordered to act at the nearest of the meetings of the Assembly, which are called κύριαι. The meaning of the term in Aristophanes does not coincide with that of the Athenaion politeia: the four meetings system with one “chief ekklesia” described by Aristotle appeared in Athens not earlier than the 340s BC. It was preceded by another model reflected in Schol. Acharn. 19. This conclusion is supported by the testimonies of orators. In particular, Aeschines (2.72; 343 BC), clearly distinguishes between two types of meetings: αἱ τεταγμέναι ἐκ τῶν νόμων and σύγκλητοι, and Demosthenes, in his speech “Against Timocrates” (24.21; 354/353 or 353/352 B. C.), quotes an Athenian law which refers to the three meetings during the prytany. Before the introduction of the new system, the term κυρία ἔκκλησία in Athens served to denote the regular meetings of the Athenian Assembly. It is in this meaning that it is used in The Acharnians.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Аристофан</kwd><kwd>Аристотель</kwd><kwd>«Ахарняне»</kwd><kwd>«Афинская полития»</kwd><kwd>комедия</kwd><kwd>схолии</kwd><kwd>афинская демократия</kwd><kwd>народное собрание</kwd><kwd>греческая эпиграфика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Aristophanes</kwd><kwd>Aristotle</kwd><kwd>The Acharnians</kwd><kwd>Athenaion Politieia</kwd><kwd>comedy</kwd><kwd>scholia</kwd><kwd>Athenian democracy</kwd><kwd>Assembly</kwd><kwd>Greek epigraphy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Статья выполнена по гранту Правительства Российской Федерации (соглашение № 075-15-2021-571 от 3. 06. 2021 г., срок реализации 2021–2023 гг.) «Цифровые комментарии к античным текстам: древнегреческая комедия»</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The work was supported by a grant from the Government of the Russian Federation (agreement No. 075-15-2021-571 of June 3, 2021, implementation period 2021–2023) “Digital Commentaries on Ancient Texts: Ancient Greek Comedy”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Busolt, G., &amp; Swoboda, H. 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