stepsШаги/StepsShagi / Steps2412-94102782-1765The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public AdministrationTUDFBTsteps-1172Research ArticleКОММЕНТАРИИ К ДРЕВНЕМУ ТЕКСТУ: СТАРЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ И НОВЫЕ ПОДХОДЫCOMMENTARIES TO CLASSICAL TEXTS: OLD PROBLEMS AND NEW APPROACHESArmenian anonymous scholia on Pseudo-Gregory of Nyssa’s Contra ManichaeosArmenian anonymous scholia on Pseudo-Gregory of Nyssa’s Contra Manichaeoshttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-5350-2894MelkonyanА.MelkonyanA.

Армине Мелконян, кандидат исторических наук = PhD in History старший научный сотрудник, Отдел изучения армянских текстов V–XIV вв., отдел кодикологии; преподаватель

0009, Ереван, пр-т Маштоца, 53

0009, Ереван, ул. Исаакяна, д. 36

Armine Melkonyan, Cand. Sci. (History) = PhD in History Senior Researcher, Department for the Study of the Armenian Texts of the 5th– 14th Centuries, Department of Manuscript Study; Lecturer

0009, Yerevan, Mashtots Ave., 53

0009, Yerevan, Isahakyan Str., 36

armine.melkonyan@yahoo.comИнститут древних рукописей им. Месропа Маштоца (Матенадаран) ; Государственная академия художеств АрменииАрменияMesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts (Matenadaran) ; State Academy of Fine Arts of ArmeniaArmenia202630032026121237249Copyright © Melkonyan А., 20262026Melkonyan А.Melkonyan A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://steps.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/1172

В статье представлены editio princeps, английский перевод и комментарий к анонимной армянской интерпретации труда Псевдо-Григория Нисского «Против манихеев» (Contra Manichaeos). В греческих источниках этот труд приписывается авторству Дидима Слепца и Иоанна Кесарийского (Грамматика). В армянской средневековой литературной традиции он приписывался неоплатоническому философу Давиду Непобедимому и считался заключительной главой его главного философского труда «Определения философии» (т. е. армянской версии «Prolegomena philosophiae»). В армянских рукописях работа появляется без названия, с началом «Всякое зло наказуемо» (Ամենայն չար տանջելի / «Аменайн чар танджели»). Католикос Нерсес Шнорали (1102– 1173) написал комментарий к этой работе, приняв ее за заключительную главу «Определений философии» и охарактеризовав этот труд как «очень маленький по объему, но очень значительный по качеству». В середине XIV–XV вв. богослов Аракел Сюнеци составил обширный комментарий к «Определениям», включая «Аменайн чар». Анонимный армянский автор написал схолии как к «Определениям», так и к «Contra Manichaeos» / «Аменайн чар» (самый ранний из известных экземпляров датируется 1489 г.). Схолии к «Аменайн чар» содержат краткие объяснения отдельных слов и выражений, таких как «всякое зло подлежит наказанию», «случайность», «все противоположности», «изменчивое добро» и т. д. Анонимный автор широко использовал комментарии к «Аменайн чар» Нерсеса Шнорали и Аракела Сюнеци, но также приводил собственные примеры и комментарии. Эти схолии, скорее всего, служили практической и образовательной цели, используясь в качестве вспомогательного материала для изучения «Аменайн чар» и комментариев к нему.

This paper presents the editio princeps, alongside an English translation and commentary, of the anonymous Armenian scholia on Pseudo-Gregory of Nyssa’s Contra Manichaeos. In Greek sources this work is attributed to Didymus the Blind and John of Caesarea (the Grammarian). In medieval Armenian literary tradition it was attributed to the Neoplatonic philosopher David the Invincible and was considered to be the final chapter of his major philosophical work, Definitions of Philosophy (the Armenian version of his Prolegomena philosophiae). In Armenian manuscripts it appears without a title, with the incipit “Every evil is punishable” (Ամենայն չար տանջելի / Amenayn chʻar tanjeli). The prominent Armenian author Catholicos Nersēs Shnorhali (1102–1173) wrote a commentary on the Amenayn chʻar, describing it as “very small in quantity, but very great in quality”. In the mid-14th to 15th century, the theologian Aṛak‘el Siwnets‘i composed an extensive commentary on the Definitions, including the Amenayn chʻar. An anonymous Armenian author wrote scholia to both the Definitions and the Contra Manichaeos / Amenayn chʻar (the earliest extant example of which dates back to 1489). The scholia on the Amenyan chʻar contain concise explanations of individual words and expressions, such as: “every evil is punishable”, “an accident”, “all the contraries”, “the mutable good” etc. The anonymous author made extensive use of the commentaries on the Amenayn chʻar by Nersēs Shnorhali and Aṛakʻel Siwnetsʻi; however, he also provided examples and considerations that differed from them. These scholia most likely served a practical and educational purpose, being used as auxiliary material for studying the Amenayn chʻar and its commentaries.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.