stepsШаги/StepsShagi / Steps2412-94102782-1765The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public AdministrationTOERMKsteps-1171Research ArticleКОММЕНТАРИИ К ДРЕВНЕМУ ТЕКСТУ: СТАРЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ И НОВЫЕ ПОДХОДЫCOMMENTARIES TO CLASSICAL TEXTS: OLD PROBLEMS AND NEW APPROACHESThe translator’s and later revisers’ additions to the old Armenian version of the Alexander RomanceThe translator’s and later revisers’ additions to the old Armenian version of the Alexander Romancehttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-4996-3328TopchyanA. S.TopchyanA. S.

Арам Степанович Топчян, доктор филологических наук старший научный сотрудник, зав. Отделом светской литературы

0009, Ереван, пр-т Маштоца, 53

Aram Stepanovich Topchyan, Dr. Sci. (Philology) Senior Researcher, Head of the Department of Secular Literature

0009, Yerevan, Mashtots Ave., 53

a.topchyan@matenadaran.amИнститут древних рукописей им. Месропа Маштоца (Матенадаран)АрменияMesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts (Matenadaran)Armenia202630032026121218236Copyright © Topchyan A.S., 20262026Topchyan A.S.Topchyan A.S.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://steps.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/1171

Древнегреческий «Роман об Александре» Псевдо-Каллисфена, переведенный на армянский, вероятно, в 80-е годы V в., дошел до нас в двух полных и двух кратких редакциях, а также в средневековой устной редакции, зафиксированной и сохраненной в рукописях. Две полные редакции (лишь одна из них опубликована) — несколько видоизменные варианты первоначального перевода. Их сопоставление с двумя самыми ранними греческими редакциями, α и β, дaло автору совместно с Гоар Мурадян возможность подготовить новое критическое издание древнеармянской версии «Романа об Александре», которое отражает состояние текста, наиболее приближенное к первоначальному переводу. Несмотря на то что перевод довольно точный, зачастую даже буквальный, как сам переводчик, так и оба редактора использовали некоторые элементы толкования либо слегка меняли текст. В статье представлены некоторые наиболее интересные примеры таких изменений. Переводчик иногда арменизировал текст (например, заменяя Зевса на Арамазда). Автор первой полной редакции А, поэт XIII–XIV вв. Хачатур Кечареци, украсил текст короткими стихотворениями (часто на библейские сюжеты) и добавил в конце четыре этопеи, а также сравнение Александра с Христом. Он вставил некоторые краткие пояснения с целью сделать текст более понятным для средневекового армянского читателя. Анонимный автор второй полной редакции D, видимо, существовавшей уже в X в., подобно Хачатуру, местами видоизменил текст, включил в него кусок из армянского перевода Апокалипсиса Псевдо-Мефодия с описанием двадцати двух варварских народов и апокрифический рассказ о том, как Александр перенес останки пророка Иеремии в Александрию. Он также сочинил письмо умирающего Александра матери и добавил несколько более мелких деталей.

The ancient Greek Alexander Romance by Pseudo-Callisthenes, translated into Armenian probably in the 80s of the 5th century, has come down to us in two complete and two abridged recensions, as well as in a medieval oral version, written down later and preserved in manuscripts. The two complete recensions (only one of which has been published) are slightly modified versions of the original translation. Comparing them with the two earliest Greek recensions, α and β, gave me and Gohar Muradyan the opportunity to prepare a new critical edition of the Old Armenian version of the Alexander Romance which reflects the state of the text closest to the original translation. Although the translation is quite accurate, often even literal, both the translator and the two revisers used some elements of interpretation or moderately altered the text. The article presents some of the most interesting examples of such changes. The translator sometimes armenianized the text (for example, replacing Zeus with Aramazd). The author of the first complete edition A, the 13th–14th century poet Khach‘atur Kech‘aṛets‘i, embellished the text with short poems (often on biblical themes) and added four ethopoeias at the end, as well as a comparison of Alexander with Christ. He inserted some brief explanations in order to make the text more understandable to medieval Armenian readers. The anonymous author of the second complete edition, D, which apparently already existed in the 10th century, like Khach‘atur, slightly modified the text at some places, inserted in it a passage from the Armenian translation of Pseudo-Methodius’ Apocalypse describing the twenty-two barbarian peoples and an apocryphal story about how Alexander transferred the remains of the prophet Jeremiah to Alexandria. He also composed a letter of the dying Alexander to his mother and added a few minor details.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.