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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">steps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Шаги/Steps</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Shagi / Steps</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2412-9410</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1765</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">AYVRSC</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">steps-1158</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДРЕВНИЙ ЕГИПЕТ В ЗЕРКАЛЕ СРЕДНЕВЕКОВОЙ ТРАДИЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANCIENT EGYPT IN THE MIRROR OF MEDIEVAL TRADITION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реминисценции или конструирование? Образ египетской «мировой державы» в античной и византийской традициях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Recalling or constructing the past? The image of the Egyptian “world empire” in the Classical and the Byzantine traditions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8779-993X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ладынин</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ladynin</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Андреевич Ладынин, доктор исторических наук старший научный сотрудник, Институт всеобщей истории РАН, научный коллектив по проекту РНФ 24-18-00378; доцент, кафедра истории древнего мира, исторический факультет</p><p>119334, Москва, Ленинский пр-т, д. 32а </p><p>119992, Москва, Ломоносовский пр-т, д. 27/4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan Andreevich Ladynin, Dr. Sci. (History) Senior Research Fellow, research group for the project of the Russian Science Foundation 24-18-00378; Associate Professor, Department of Ancient History, Faculty of History</p><p>119234, Moscow, Leninsky Prospekt, 32a</p><p>119992, Lomonosovsky Prospekt, 27/4</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ladynin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт всеобщей истории РАН ; Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences ; Lomonosov Moscow State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ладынин И.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ладынин И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ladynin I.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://steps.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/1158">https://steps.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/1158</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследования античного сюжета о великом египетском царе-завоевателе далекого прошлого обычно связаны с определением масштабов и обстоятельств его завоеваний (в частности, с вопросом об исходе его вторжения в Скифию), но уделяют мало внимания их целям и организации его владений. Геродот (II.102–110) не говорит об этом практически ничего. Согласно Помпею Трогу, ориентировавшемуся на более ранний первоисточник, египетский царь Везосис и его скифский противник Танавс «искали не власти (imperium) для себя, а славы для своих народов», в отличие от ассирийца Нина, который «стремился к господству и сделал покоренные им обширные области своим постоянным владением» (Iust. I.1.7). Диодор Сицилийский, следовавший автору конца IV в. до н. э. Гекатею Абдерскому, приписывает египетскому завоевателю Сесоосису мягкость в обращении с покоренными народами, взимание с них дани и использование в Египте труда пленных (Diod. I.55.10–12, 56.2). В то же время Диодор передает сюжет об обычае египетского царя запрягать правителей завоеванных стран четверками в свою колесницу (Ibid. 58.1–2); этот сюжет переносит на сведения о Египте практику ассирийских завоеваний и позднее известен в римской и византийской традиции. Кроме того, римские авторы сопоставляют египетскую державу прошлого с современными Римской империей и Парфией (Tac. Ann. II.60.3; ср. Strabo XVII.1.46). Похоже, в более ранней традиции сохранялись воспоминания о том, что владения Египта во II тыс. до н. э. представляли собой сферу влияния, отличную от централизованных держав I тыс. до н. э., но в римское время они уподобляются таким державам.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Сlassical motif of the great Egyptian king-conqueror who ruled in the remote past was usually analyzed regarding the alleged scale of his conquests (e. g. the outcome of his assault on Scythia) but the presentation of their purpose and the organization of his possessions remained untouched. The earliest account of the king Sesostris by Herodotus (II.102–110) tells virtually nothing about that. Pompeius Trogus, deriving his evidence from some earlier source, made a telling remark that the Egyptian king Vesosis and his Scythian counterpart Tanaus sought not power (imperium) for themselves but rather glory for their peoples, unlike the Assyrian king Ninus, who craved territorial dominion and made the conquered lands his permanent possession (Iust. I.1.7). Diodorus Siculus, probably reproducing the work on Egypt by Hecataeus of Abdera (late 4th century BC), ascribed to the Egyptian conqueror Sesoosis a rather mild treatment of subdued peoples, levying on them regular tribute and using the labour of prisoners of war (Diod. I.55.10–12, 56.2). At the same time Diodorus tells a story of the king’s habit to place the subdued rulers four-in-hand under the yoke in his chariot (Ibid. 58.1–2); this motif obviously extrapolates the Assyrian practice onto reminiscences of Egypt’s past and is eventually known in Roman and Byzantine tradition. In addition, Roman authors compare the Egyptian empire of the past with the contemporary Roman and Parthian empires (Tac. Ann. II.60.3; cf. Strabo XVII.1.46). It seems that the earlier tradition preserved real memories of Egyptian possessions of the 2nd millennium BC as a sphere of influence distinct from the centralized empires of the 1st millennium BC, but in Roman times they were likened to such states.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Египет</kwd><kwd>историописание</kwd><kwd>античная традиция</kwd><kwd>византийская традиция</kwd><kwd>Ассирия</kwd><kwd>завоевания</kwd><kwd>сфера влияния</kwd><kwd>межрегиональная держава</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Egypt</kwd><kwd>history writing</kwd><kwd>Classical tradition</kwd><kwd>Byzantine tradition</kwd><kwd>Assyria</kwd><kwd>conquests</kwd><kwd>sphere of influence</kwd><kwd>interregional realm</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда в рамках проекта № 24-18-00378 «Происхождение и состав позднеантичной и средневековой картины прошлого Ближнего Востока и Эгеиды в древнейший (доахеменидский) период», https://rscf.ru/project/24-18-00378/.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The research is sponsored by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation “The Origin and the Contents of the Late Antique and Medieval Picture of the Near Eastern and Aegean Past in the Earliest (preAchaemenid) Period”, https://rscf.ru/project/24-18-00378/.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Берлев 1974 — Берлев О. 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