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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">steps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Шаги/Steps</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Shagi / Steps</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2412-9410</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1765</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">BRIBRX</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">steps-1098</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИГУРЫ ВЛАСТИ: ИСТОРИОГРАФИЯ, ПОЛИТИКА, ФИЛОСОФИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Образ священника в «Апологии» (слово 3 / or. 2) свт. Григория Богослова в контексте позднеантичных представлений о носителях власти</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The image of the priest in Gregory of Nazianzus’ «Apology for His Flight» (or. 2) in the context of late antique idεas about leadership</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6588-1633</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонов</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonov</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Константинович Антонов, кандидат теологии приглашенный сотрудник, Лаборатория исследований церковных институций</p><p>127051, Москва, Лихов пер., д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay Konstantinovich Antonov, Cand. Sci. (Theology)Visiting Fellow, Ecclesiastical Institutions Research Laboratory</p><p>127051, Moscow, Likhov Pereulok, 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nick961pstgu@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Православный Свято-Тихоновский гуманитарный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University for the Humanities<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Антонов Н.К., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Антонов Н.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Antonov N.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://steps.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/1098">https://steps.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/1098</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье продолжается исследование принципов конструирования образа священника в поздней античности на примере «Апологии» свт. Григория Богослова. Демонстрируется, что литературный образ священника конструируется с использованием образов других носителей власти и мыслится как один из них, поскольку свт. Григорий использует топосы и лексику политической литературы. Ключевым является платонический образ философа-правителя, а также лексика из скорее монархической, чем демократической традиции. Рассматривается происхождение и традиция использования формулы «искусство искусств и наука наук» (τέχνη τεχνῶν καὶ ἐπιστήμη ἐπιστημῶν), которой автор определяет священство. Показывается, что таким образом свт. Григорий ставит священника на место философа в платонической традиции. Это подтверждается анализом аллюзий на «Горгия» Платона, содержащего образы двух универсальных властных ролей: ритора и философа. Восходящее к этому диалогу сравнение заботы о душе с медициной развивается свт. Григорием за счет включения туда положений христианского благовестия и описания принципов душепопечения, которые не находят прецедентов в предшествующей письменности. Помимо этого, автор объединяет в описываемом образе функции ритора и жреца, делая его всеобъемлющим лидером церковного пространства, осмысляемого по аналогии с полисным. В заключение проводится сравнение с образом Пифагора, как он описан у Ямвлиха, который, как и священник, сочетает политическое измерение (руководство сообществом) с сотериологической перспективой через действие на душу разными способами: общественным словом, индивидуальным общением, примером, через культ. Сравнение позволяет увидеть, что священник и локальная Церковь мыслятся свт. Григорием не как отдельное новое политическое пространство со своей властной структурой, а как его метафорическая проекция, универсальная с точки зрения определения идентичности, но не отрицающая при этом наличные политические институты.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article continues the study of the principles of constructing the image of a priest in late Antiquity using the example of the «Apology» by St. Gregory the Theologian. It is demonstrated that the literary image of a priest is constructed by using images of other bearers of authority and is thought of as one of them: Gregory uses the topoi and vocabulary of political literature. The key image is that of the Platonic philosopher-ruler, as well as vocabulary from the monarchical rather than democratic tradition. The origin and tradition of using the formula «the art of arts and the science of sciences» (τέχνη τεχνῶν καὶ ἐπιστήμη ἐπιστημῶν), by which the author defines the priesthood, is studied. It is shown that in this way Gregory puts the priest in the place of the philosopher of the Platonic tradition. This is confirmed by an analysis of allusions to Plato’s Gorgias, which contains images of two universal power roles: the rhetorician and the philosopher. The comparison of caring for the soul with medicine, which originates in this dialogue, is further developed by Gregory, who incorporates into it provisions of the Christian gospel and describes principles of spiritual counseling that have no precedent in earlier writings. In addition, the author combines the functions of a rhetorician and a priest in the described image, thus making him a comprehensive leader of the church space, conceptualized by analogy with the polis. In conclusion, a comparison is made with the image of Pythagoras as described by Iamblichus, who, like the priest, combines a political dimension (rule of a community) with a soteriological perspective through varied types of influence on the soul: through public speech, individual communication, example, and a cult. The comparison allows us to see that the priest and the local Church are thought of by Gregory not as a separate new political space with its own power structure, but as its metaphorical projection, universal in defining identity, but not denying the existing political institutions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>священник</kwd><kwd>душепопечение</kwd><kwd>свт. Григорий Богослов</kwd><kwd>Платон</kwd><kwd>поздняя античность</kwd><kwd>философ</kwd><kwd>правитель</kwd><kwd>ритор</kwd><kwd>политик</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>priest</kwd><kwd>spiritual counseling</kwd><kwd>St. Gregory the Theologian</kwd><kwd>Plato</kwd><kwd>late Antiquity</kwd><kwd>philosopher</kwd><kwd>ruler</kwd><kwd>rhetorician</kwd><kwd>politician</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено в рамках проекта «“Апология” свт. Григория Богослова в контексте святоотеческих представлений о священстве в период поздней Античности: перевод и исследование», поддержанного фондом «Живая традиция».</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study was funded by the Living Tradition Foundation, project «The Apology of St. Gregory the Theologian in the Context of Patristic Ideas about the Priesthood in Late Antiquity: Translation and Research».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аверинцев 1981 — Аверинцев С. С. Риторика как подход к обобщению действительности // Поэтика древнегреческой литературы / Отв. ред. С. С. Аверинцев. М.: Наука, 1981. С. 15–46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adluri, V. (Ed.) (2013). Philosophy and salvation in Greek religion. 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