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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">steps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Шаги/Steps</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Shagi / Steps</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2412-9410</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1765</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22394/2412-9410-2022-8-4-10-31.</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">steps-105</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КУЛЬТУРА ВОСТОКА. Археология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CULTURE OF THE ORIENT. Archaeology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Элиты государства Шан через призму ономастики: предварительный количественный анализ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Shang state elites in onomastic perspective: A preliminary quantitative analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7196-8914</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафин</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safin</surname><given-names>Т. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимур Альфредович Сафин, кандидат исторических наук научный сотрудник, отдела Китая, Институт востоковедения РАН; научный сотрудник, Лаборатории востоковедения и компаративистики, Школа актуальных гуманитарных исследований, Российская академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ</p><p>107031, Москва, ул. Рождественка, д. 12,</p><p>11957, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 82</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timur A. Safin, Cand. Sci. (History) Research Fellow, China Department, Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Research Fellow, Center for Oriental Studies, School for Advanced Studies in the Humanities, The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</p><p>107031, Moscow, Rozhdestvenka Str., 12,</p><p>11957, Moscow, Prospekt Vernadskogo, 82</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tamerlane93@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт востоковедения РАН;&#13;
Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>10</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сафин Т.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сафин Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Safin Т.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://steps.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/105">https://steps.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/105</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследование посвящено совпадению личных имен представителей нескольких групп элит в надписях на гадательных костях (XIII–XI вв. до н. э., государство Шан, древний Китай). В выборку вошло восемь групп: цзы (принцы), хоу (лорды), бо (вожди), сяо-чэнь (малые слуги), цюань (псари), шу (стражи), представители народа (или клана) цянов и царские гадатели. В начале я предлагаю обновленные списки личных имен: всего 213 уникальных имен, включая 48 повторяющихся. Количество повторяющихся и уникальных имен варьируется в каждой группе, как и общее число имен в ней. Цель исследования заключалась в том, чтобы выяснить, в каких парах групп имена совпадают чаще, чем можно ожидать, исходя из размеров. Были выявлены четыре такие пары, а именно цзы и цяны, цюани и шу, сяо-чэни и хоу, шу и гадатели. Требуется дополнительное исследование, чтобы понять, свидетельствует ли данное явление о реальных связях между группами. Анализ также позволил выделить две подгруппы, первая включает бо и цянов, вторая — хоу, сяо-чэней, цюаней, шу и гадателей, имена в которых не пересекаются друг с другом. Такая изолированность может свидетельствовать об этнических (шанцы и не-шанцы) или социальных (высшая и низшая знать) различиях. С другой стороны, имена цзы могут быть обнаружены в обеих подгруппах, что подразумевает этническую или социальную неоднородность группы «принцев».</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study investigates the overlap of personal names used within different groups of elites in oracle bone inscriptions (13– 11 cent. BC, ancient Chinese Shang state). Eight groups are examined: zi (princes), hou (lords), bo (chiefs), xiao-chen (minor servants), quan (kennelmen) shu (guards), Qiang people (or clan), and royal diviners. Firstly, I present updated registers of personal names, with 213 unique names including 48 cases of repeated names. The numbers of repeated and unique names vary in different groups, as does the overall number of names in each group. The task was to find out which pairs of groups share repeated names more often than expected, given their size. It transpired that four pairs of groups share names more often than expected, namely: zi and Qiang; quan and shu; xiao-chen and hou; shu and diviners. Further research is needed to understand whether or not this phenomenon indicates actual connections between these groups of people. The analysis has also revealed two subgroups to be mutually exclusive: the first includes bo and Qiang, and the second includes hou, xiao-chen, quan, shu, and diviners,. Such isolation probably indicates ethnic (Shang and non-Shang) or social (nobility and gentry) boundaries. On the other hand, zi names can be found in both of the subgroups, suggesting ethnic or social heterogeneity of the ‘princes’.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>надписи на гадательных костях</kwd><kwd>цзягувэнь</kwd><kwd>древний Китай</kwd><kwd>древнекитайская эпиграфика</kwd><kwd>Шан-Инь</kwd><kwd>история Китая</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Oracle bone inscriptions</kwd><kwd>jiaguwen</kwd><kwd>Ancient China</kwd><kwd>Bronze Age China</kwd><kwd>Chinese excavated texts</kwd><kwd>early China</kwd><kwd>Chinese history</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ван, Ян 1999 — Цзягусюэ и бай нянь / Гл. ред. Ван Юйсинь, Ян Шэннань. Бэйцзин: Шэхуй кэсюэ вэньсянь чубаньшэ, 1999. 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