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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">steps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Шаги/Steps</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Shagi / Steps</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2412-9410</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1765</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">NRIIAN</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">steps-1044</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ ТЕКСТ: СТРАТЕГИИ СОЗДАНИЯ И ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LITERARY TEXT: STRATEGIES OF ITS CREATING AND INTERPRETATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комментарий к Ar. Av. 4: о метафорическом развитии глагола προφορέομαι</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Commentary on Ar. Av. 4: The metaphorical development of the verb προφορέομαι</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2727-0285</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Харламова</surname><given-names>C. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kharlamova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Софья Александровна Харламова, кандидат филологических наук старший преподаватель, кафедра классической филологии; научный сотрудник, Лаборатория по комментированию античных текстов</p><p>119234, Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 51 </p><p>108801, Москва, ул. Спиридоновка, д. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofya Alexandrovna Kharlamova, Cand. Sci. (Philology) Senior Lecturer, the Department of Classical Philology; Researcher, Laboratory on Commentaries on Ancient Texts</p><p>119234, Moscow, Leninskie gory, 1, Bld. 51 </p><p>108801, Moscow, Spiridonovka Str., 2 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sofya.kharlamowa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова ; Институт мировой литературы им. А. М. Горького РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University ; A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>177</fpage><lpage>185</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Харламова C.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Харламова C.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kharlamova S.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://steps.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/1044">https://steps.ranepa.ru/jour/article/view/1044</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются значения глагола προφορέομαι и его связь с метафорой ткацкого ремесла в одном месте комедии «Птицы» Аристофана (ст. 4). Высказывается мнение, что глагол προφορέομαι имеет ремесленное значение, которое представляется возможным связать со значением ‘двигаться туда-обратно’, принятым в современных словарях древнегреческого языка (LSJ, Кембриджский лексикон). Рассмотрены две традиции понимания этого глагола, которые были отражены в схолиях, античных и византийских словарях: одна из них восходит к Юлию Поллуксу, другая — к его сопернику грамматику Фриниху. Показано, почему значение глагола, данное у Поллукса, кажется нам наиболее предпочтительным. Нэн Данбар в комментарии к «Птицам» считает, что техническое значение προφορέομαι не может обозначать общепринятое в современных словарях толкование ‘движение из стороны в сторону’. Автор, опираясь на информацию о ткацком станке, существовавшем в эту эпоху в Греции, демонстрирует, что ремесленное значение προφορέομαι, данное у Поллукса, — ‘привязывание нитей основы’, обозначает движение туда-обратно, если смотреть на процесс привязывания нитей прямо, а не со стороны. Таким образом, в художественных контекстах (например, у Аристофана и Ксенофонта) προφορέομαι приобретает уже метафорическое значение движения из стороны в сторону.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article examines the meanings of the verb προφορέομαι and its connection with the metaphor of weaving craft in Aristophanes’ Birds (v. 4). We believe that the verb προφορέομαι has a craft meaning, which can possibly be related to its common meaning in Greek dictionaries (LSJ, The Cambridge Greek Lexicon): ‘to move back and forth’. We consider two traditions of understanding this verb that have been reflected in the grammatical tradition: one going back to Julius Pollux, the other to his rival grammarian Phrynichus Arabius. In this paper we show why we find Pollux’s meaning of the verb preferable. Nan Dunbar, in her commentary on Birds, holds that the technical meaning of προφορέομαι cannot denote the ‘move to and from’ generally accepted in modern dictionaries. In this paper we demonstrate, based on information known about the loom that existed in Greece during this era, that the craft meaning of προφορέομαι given by Pollux — ‘to set up the warp’ — resembles a back and forth movement, if we look at the process of tying the threads directly rather than from the side. Thus, in literary contexts (e. g. Aristophanes, Xenophon) προφορέομαι acquires the metaphorical meaning of side-to-side movement.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>древняя аттическая комедия</kwd><kwd>Аристофан</kwd><kwd>«Птицы»</kwd><kwd>ткацкое ремесло</kwd><kwd>Юлий Поллукс</kwd><kwd>греческий софист Фриних</kwd><kwd>схолии к Аристофану</kwd><kwd>словарь Гесихия</kwd><kwd>словарь «Суда»</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ancient attic comedy</kwd><kwd>Aristophanes</kwd><kwd>Birds</kwd><kwd>weaving craft</kwd><kwd>Julius Pollux</kwd><kwd>Phrynichus Arabius</kwd><kwd>scholia to Aristophanes</kwd><kwd>Suda</kwd><kwd>Hesychius of Alexandria</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено при поддержке гранта РНФ № 24-18-01037 «Проблемы комментирования классических древнегреческих текстов» (2024–2026).</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The research was supported by RSCF grant no. 24-18- 01037 “Problems of Commenting on Classical Ancient Greek Texts” (2024–2026).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bagordo, A. 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